A. Bilecki was a possible transfer from Kananaskis to Fredericton.

Pte. Saunders was born in Long Reach, Kings Country, in 1892. In 1914, he joined the 115th Battalion and then transferred to the fighting 26th. He served in Great Britain, France, Belgium, and Germany. Upon returning home in 1919, he married Caroline Rivers of Medford, Victoria County. Having three daughters during WWII, he joined the Veterans Guard of Canada and served as a guard at the Ripples Internment Camp from 1940-1945.

Alfred Alius was a possible transfer from Kananaskis to Camp B-70.

Charles Collins was born on November 15, 1889, in the County of Gateshead. Before enlisting, he was a coal miner, farmer, and labourer. In 1910, Collins married Jane Faulder in Durham, England, and had two children (Jesse and Thomas). 

Collins served during WW1 and served in the Veteran Guards of Canada in WW2 from 1940 to 1944 when he received the Canadian Volunteer Service Medal. He was discharged at his own request to return to civil life. Charles Collins died on October 24th, 1969, in North Minto at the age of 80. 

Clarence Wade was born in Penniac, New Brunswick and was a member of the #7 Company of the Veteran Guards. Wade was sent to Trois Rivieres as one of the 150 guards that brought the prisoners from Camp T to Camp B-70.

David E. Stark served in WW1 as a Captain with the Newfoundland Regiment, and before WW2, he lived on a farm on West St. John with his family (two sons and one daughter).

He began his duties at Camp B-70 on August 9th, 1940, and was a Quatermaster. He was responsible for all supplies (food, clothing, building supplies, garbage, etc.). During Phase 1, Capt. Stark had an important role in obtaining Kosher food from Fredericton for the Jewish internees.

Phase 1 Internee

Dr. Arno Cahn was part of a group at Camp B-70 known as Group Five. After his release from the internment camp, Cahn became an organic chemist at Lever Brothers in New York.

Dr. Carl Amberg was born on December 16, 1923, in Aachen, Germany. He was sixteen years old and studying in Winchester College in England when he was arrested. Amberg was taken to Canada around 1939 and brought to Camp B-70 in New Brunswick. He was released from Camp B-70 around May 1942.

Amberg continued his studies in Queen’s University where he got his BA and MA. He later earned a Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Toronto. He taught chemistry at Carleton University and became the Chairman of the Department. He also became the Dean of Graduate Studies and Research at Carleton University until 1980. He also played the cello and when he no longer could, he sang with the Carleton University Choir. 

Phase 1 Internee

Edgar Lion was born in 1920 in Vienna, Austria to an affluent Jewish family. In 1938, his family sent him to Scotland to study engineering at the University of Edinburgh. In 1940, he was interned as a enemy alien in Liverpool, the Isle of Man, and Glasgow, before being sent to Canada.

Upon arriving in Canada, Lion was initially interned in Trois Rivieres, QC (Camp T), then sent to Ripples, NB (Camp B-70), and finally to Sherbrooke, QC (Camp N).

In December 1942, he was released from Camp N and began studying civil engineering at McGill University. He remained in Canada working in construction management until his retirement when he settled in Notre-Dame-de-Grâce, QC. Until 2014, he also volunteered as a regular speaker at the Montreal Holocaust Museum.

Phase 1 Internee

Egon Stark was born in Vienna, Austria in 1920 and lived to be 96 years old. He received his BSA in Agronomy, a MS in Microbiology from the University of Winnipeg, a PhD from Purdue University.

Stark was a Professor Emeritus at the Department of Biology, Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT). He taught bacteriology, biotechnology, mycology, virology, and about human parasites for twenty-one years. After retirement, he presented lectures on Fine Arts at the Athenaeum, RIT.

Stark collected stamps, drew, painted, photographed, gardened, and played the alto saxophone. He is survived by his three children, Sandra, Eliot, and Jeffrey.

Enno Ahlers was a possible transfer from Kananaskis to Camp B-70.

Ernest Colwell was a Sargent at Camp B-70.

Phase 1 Internee

Dr. Ernst Martin Oppenheimer was born in Heidelberg, Germany, on July 13th, 1920. First exiled to Italy, then to England where he was considered an “enemy alien,” and eventually he was transported to Canada. In Canada, he was originally interned in New Brunswick, where he was a part of group four in B-70. Later, during his time in Canada, Oppenheimer was sent to Ilse Noix, another internment camp, in Quebec. After being released from the camp, he obtained his undergraduate degree at the University of Toronto. Oppenheimer also received his Master’s from Columbia University and his Ph.D from Harvard. After receiving his Ph.D, he started working at Carleton University. Oppenheimer started the German language department at Carleton; he was the head for some time. Oppenheimer continued his work at Carleton until 1990. Oppenheimer passed away on February 14th, 2004.

Phase 1 Internee

Fredrick “Fritz” Bender was an inventor and Dr. of Chemical Engineering who escaped Nazi oppression via a rowboat from Holland. He was eventually picked up by a British submarine and taken to London and, subsequently, to Canada. His wife and child died in Holland.

During his time in Camp B-70, he was part of Group 3 and taught courses in polymer chemistry for other internees. While in the camp B-70, he told the District Forest Officer, Jack Veness, about his background and research in polymer glues, who then began arranging for his liberation. He was briefly transferred to Camp N in Sherbrooke, QC before his release in June 1942 to work on plywood production for the Mosquito (a light bomber plane).

Phase 2 Internee

Fritz Ziegler was born in Germany in 1902. Ziegler and his family moved to Vancouver in 1911 and became Canadian citizens in 1913. His father opened a chocolate shop with eight different locations across Vancouver. After Fritz’s father died, he and his family continued to manage the shops. In 1939 the Ziegler family purchased a farmhouse in Fort Langley, BC, which Fritz eventually converted into a castle that represented an ancestral castle built in Dresden. Unfortunately during WW2, he was interned in three seperate internment camps, including B-70. In 1943, he was released from his internment and was instead kept under house arrest at his family home. Ziegler was friends with King Peter of Yugoslavia;  he was knighted multiple times. Peter also appointed Ziegler to continue the work of the Order of St. John Knights of Jerusalem. Afterwards, he was appointed Consul of Monaco as well as Consul General. Peter’s family continued to visit him in Canada throughout the rest of his life. Fritz Ziegler died 1996 on August 21st, he was 94.

George Harry Burbery was a guard at Camp B-70. He was the grandfather of Debbie Kantor Hawkins.

Gunter Badeleben was a student at a college in Scotland before being interned and taken to Canada. In Canada, he was an internee at Camp B-70, and upon his release, Badeleben went to study at the Guelph Agricultural Collage. Later, he would become a chemist in Toronto.

Helmut Blume was born on April 12, 1914, in Berlin, Germany. He fled Germany to London in 1940 to avoid serving in the military for the Nazis. Upon the declaration of war, he was interned as an “enemy alien” and transported to Canada where he was interned in camps N and B-70. He was released from Camp N in 1942.

Blume was a noted broadcaster, pianist, and music educator, who postwar, produced award-winning radio and television broadcasts for CBC. He also served as dean of the Faculty of Music at McGill University from 1964-1979, and opened the school’s opera workshop at McGill University. A music scholarship there is named in his honor. Blume was awarded the Centennial Medal of Canada in 1967, and was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts, Londong in 1976.

Ivan Alexander was seventeen years-old when he travelled to Fredericton with Sherman Phillips as a carpenter-apprentice. He worked in the Guard House, finishing the walls, and also worked on the guard’s huts at Camp B-70.

Alexander recalled seeing internees each carrying an axe and a handle. He said that when the internees returned, they would only be carrying the axe head. Alexander suspected that it was done intentionally so they would not have to work the next day.

Phase 1 Internee

John Newmark (Hans Neumark), born in 1904 in Bremen, Germany, was a famous musician who became a naturalized Canadian in 1946 and was made an Officer of the Order of Canada in 1973 and received the Canadian Music Council Medal in 1979.

At 17, he auditioned in Berlin for Coenraad V. Bos, the noted accompanist, who predicted a brilliant future for him. He performed recitals with the violinist Szymon Goldberg and co-founded the Neue Kammermusik Bremen society. He fled his homeland to England to escape Nazism. There he performed concerts, notable with the soprano and the violinist Max Rostal. He was eventually arrested by the British and imprisoned on the Isle of Man and later sent to Canada. He was interned in Camp B-70 until 1944.

Newmark took part in thousands of recitals, concerts, and radio and TV broadcasts. He accompanied more than 80 foreign and at least 160 Canadian artists and has recorded with several of the most prominent. His long collaboration with Maureen Forrester began in 1953; with her he toured the world.

Newmark died in 1991, leaving behind a huge discography.

Joseph Adamas was a possible transfer from Kananaskis to Camp B-70.

Phase 2 Internee

Joseph Shultenkamper was originally from Muenster, Germany. However, in 1930, he left Germany to come to Canada. He came across the Atlantic Ocean on the boat, the Stuttgart Brehmon and eventually landed in Halifax, Nova Scotia. After landing in Halifax, Shultenkamper made his way out west a couple of miles outside of Archerwill, Saskatchewan. Five years after his arrival in 1935, he married Eugenia Schafer. This couple had three sons. Sometime in 1940, the Shultenkamper family moved to Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan. This same year, Shultenkamper was interned in the B-70. It is not known when he was released, but by 1957, both Joseph and Eugenia Shultenkamper had moved to Regina, Saskatchewan. Joseph Shultenkamper passed away in 1973.

K. Ahrenstedt was a possible transfer from Kananaskis to Camp B-70.

Phase 1 Internee

Max Stern was born on April 18th, 1904, in Germany. Stern’s father was a well-known German-Jewish art collector who owned one of the most prolific galleries in Dusseldorf. Stern earned a doctorate in art history in 1929 and inherited his father's gallery after his passing. 10 months after the death of his father, Max was sent a letter in the mail stating that his qualifications to sell art had been revoked. He had to sell all of his art or dissolve his business. In 1936, he decided to restart in London with a new gallery. In 1940, Stern was interned on the Isle of Man before being sent to Canadian internment camp B-70, among others. While interned in B-70, he taught other prisoners art history lessons. After his release, Stern moved to Montreal and started another art gallery. One of his first big artists was Emily Carr of the Group of Seven. After Carr’s death, Stern became her estate’s agent. Max Stern died May 28th, 1987.Max

Osveldo Giacomelli was first interned in Camp Petawawa on June 18, 1940, before being transferred to Camp B-70. He was an Italian Canadian internee and before his death he spoke to journalist and academic about his internment.

He was released on May 29, 1945, and is considered one of the longest Italian Canadian internees at the camp. Giacomelli claimed to have been wrongfully interned and sued the Government of Canada in 2005, though there is suggestion that he was a fascist supporter and Mussolini-adherent. He died in 2006 and the case was still unresolved.

P. Abele was a possible transfer from Kananaskis to Camp B-70.

Phase 1 Internee

Peter Oberlander was born in Vienna, Austria, on November 29th, 1922. In 1938, Oberlander and his family decided to escape Austria for England. He stayed there with his family until 1940, when he was labelled a “dangerous enemy alien” by the British and deported to Canada. Peter was interned in Camp B-70 in Canada until his release in 1942. After being released from B-70, Peter was accepted into McGill’s school of architecture and in 1945 received his Bachelor of Architecture degree. Oberlander was the first Canadian to obtain a master’s in city planning and a doctorate in regional planning. He was an advocate for modernism in Canada long before it gained popularity. He helped in planning both Vancouver's Granville Island and Toronto's harborfront as urban cultural locations. Peter Oberlander died in 2008. 

Phase 1 Internee

Walter Hitschfeld was born in 1922 in Vienna. Hitschfeld first moved to England before World War II, hoping to complete his schooling there, but was interned at the outbreak of the war. In 1940, Hitschfeld, like many others, was sent to internment camps across Canada. While he was interned, he was a part of an improvised institution created by employees of McGill University meant to teach youths who were kept in the camps. Because of his impressive capabilities, many employees from McGill stepped forward to try to sponsor Hitschfeld. He received a bachelor’s degree in physics from the University of Toronto in 1946, the same year he became an official Canadian citizen. After receiving his Ph.D. in atmospheric physics, Hitschfeld joined the physics department staff of McGill in 1951. Walter Hitschfeld continued to teach at McGill until his death from cancer in 1986.